Research Progress on the Isolation, Purification and Adaptation Mechanism of Methanogens from Extreme Environments
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Abstract
Anaerobic fermentation is one of the ways to treat organic waste, among which methanogens are one of the main strains for anaerobic fermentation, which exist in most terrestrial and aquatic environments. The study of the isolation and purification of methanogens in extreme environments and the elucidation of their adaptation mechanisms are conducive to anaerobic fermentation in a variety of environments, such as reducing energy consumption and increasing the fermentation rate in the anaerobic fermentation process in cold regions. Ordinary methanogens do not have enzymes adapted to the thermal environment or the lack of expression of genes related to heat adaptation may lead to the loss of activity during high temperature and anaerobic fermentation in summer in low latitudes, and thermophilic or heat-tolerant methanogens are one of the good choices for anaerobic fermentation in this area. At the same time, the ocean occupies most of the earth, and salt-tolerant or halophilic methanogens are a wise choice for fermentation of anaerobic fermentation substrates derived from seawater, as the substrate does not need to be desalted, which helps to reduce the number of steps and improve efficiency. Therefore, this paper mainly reviews the isolation, purification and adaptation mechanism of methanogens from extreme environments, and puts forward the prospect of future research content.
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References
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